Ligatures

Ligatures MUST be ignored and reduced to their individual letter components.

In medieval documents, "&" [U+0026] is considered as its own character instead of a ligature and MUST be transcribed as is. This is based on the fact that this sign can bear additional abbreviation marks, such as macrons to indicate "etiam" in Latin.

In modern and contemporary documents, both "&" [U+0026] and "ß" [U+00DF] MUST be transcribed as is.